Practice SBI PO 2025 Mains English PYQ – 13 Sep 2025 (39 Questions with Solutions)

Read the following passage and answer the given questions.

For many individuals, the mere sight of a needle can create intense fear and anxiety. This fear, known as trypanophobia, has been a significant barrier for patients who need regular injections, especially those suffering from diabetes and dependent on daily insulin shots. Because of the pain and discomfort associated with traditional injections, some patients delay or even avoid taking essential medicines, putting their health at serious risk. To address this challenge, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have been exploring advanced technologies that can replace conventional injections with an easier, less frightening method: ingestible capsules that can deliver medicine internally.

The innovative idea behind these capsules is simple yet groundbreaking. Each capsule contains a miniature needle designed to inject the medicine directly into the stomach lining after being swallowed. This way, the medicine, such as insulin, can enter the bloodstream without the need for a traditional syringe. However, early trials revealed a crucial problem. For the injection to be effective, the tiny needle must penetrate the stomach wall at a precise angle. The stomach’s constant movement and the varying position of the capsule made it extremely difficult to maintain this level of accuracy. As a result, the first version of the capsule struggled to deliver consistent results.

To overcome this obstacle, scientists designed two new types of capsules inspired by unique natural and technological models. The first design was modeled after a space lander. This capsule was built to orient itself steadily once inside the stomach and then spray the medicine downward. To test its effectiveness, researchers used a green dye on pig tissues to simulate how the medicine would be delivered. The experiment showed encouraging results, as the medicine reached the targeted tissues efficiently. The second design took inspiration from squids, which can release ink forcefully using a special muscle. In this model, the capsule was cylindrical and capable of spraying the medicine sideways by using a similar muscular mechanism. This method also proved successful in laboratory tests.

Both experimental approaches demonstrated that delivering insulin or other injectable drugs through swallowable capsules is not only possible but also highly promising. Although further research and clinical trials are necessary before this technology becomes widely available, these results bring hope to diabetic patients who fear needles. By removing the pain and psychological discomfort of injections, MIT’s capsule technology could revolutionize diabetes care and eventually change the way many other injectable medicines are administered.

Evaluate the following statements based on the passage:

(I) Both new capsule models were tested using animal tissue but not live subjects.

(II) Researchers primarily sought to enhance the effectiveness of insulin through new formulations. (III) The redesigned capsules offer potential solutions not only for diabetic patients but also for those who suffer from needle-related anxiety.

Read the following passage and answer the given questions.

For many individuals, the mere sight of a needle can create intense fear and anxiety. This fear, known as trypanophobia, has been a significant barrier for patients who need regular injections, especially those suffering from diabetes and dependent on daily insulin shots. Because of the pain and discomfort associated with traditional injections, some patients delay or even avoid taking essential medicines, putting their health at serious risk. To address this challenge, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have been exploring advanced technologies that can replace conventional injections with an easier, less frightening method: ingestible capsules that can deliver medicine internally.

The innovative idea behind these capsules is simple yet groundbreaking. Each capsule contains a miniature needle designed to inject the medicine directly into the stomach lining after being swallowed. This way, the medicine, such as insulin, can enter the bloodstream without the need for a traditional syringe. However, early trials revealed a crucial problem. For the injection to be effective, the tiny needle must penetrate the stomach wall at a precise angle. The stomach’s constant movement and the varying position of the capsule made it extremely difficult to maintain this level of accuracy. As a result, the first version of the capsule struggled to deliver consistent results.

To overcome this obstacle, scientists designed two new types of capsules inspired by unique natural and technological models. The first design was modeled after a space lander. This capsule was built to orient itself steadily once inside the stomach and then spray the medicine downward. To test its effectiveness, researchers used a green dye on pig tissues to simulate how the medicine would be delivered. The experiment showed encouraging results, as the medicine reached the targeted tissues efficiently. The second design took inspiration from squids, which can release ink forcefully using a special muscle. In this model, the capsule was cylindrical and capable of spraying the medicine sideways by using a similar muscular mechanism. This method also proved successful in laboratory tests.

Both experimental approaches demonstrated that delivering insulin or other injectable drugs through swallowable capsules is not only possible but also highly promising. Although further research and clinical trials are necessary before this technology becomes widely available, these results bring hope to diabetic patients who fear needles. By removing the pain and psychological discomfort of injections, MIT’s capsule technology could revolutionize diabetes care and eventually change the way many other injectable medicines are administered.

Which of the following challenges did researchers face during early trials of the capsule?

Read the following passage and answer the given questions.

For many individuals, the mere sight of a needle can create intense fear and anxiety. This fear, known as trypanophobia, has been a significant barrier for patients who need regular injections, especially those suffering from diabetes and dependent on daily insulin shots. Because of the pain and discomfort associated with traditional injections, some patients delay or even avoid taking essential medicines, putting their health at serious risk. To address this challenge, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have been exploring advanced technologies that can replace conventional injections with an easier, less frightening method: ingestible capsules that can deliver medicine internally.

The innovative idea behind these capsules is simple yet groundbreaking. Each capsule contains a miniature needle designed to inject the medicine directly into the stomach lining after being swallowed. This way, the medicine, such as insulin, can enter the bloodstream without the need for a traditional syringe. However, early trials revealed a crucial problem. For the injection to be effective, the tiny needle must penetrate the stomach wall at a precise angle. The stomach’s constant movement and the varying position of the capsule made it extremely difficult to maintain this level of accuracy. As a result, the first version of the capsule struggled to deliver consistent results.

To overcome this obstacle, scientists designed two new types of capsules inspired by unique natural and technological models. The first design was modeled after a space lander. This capsule was built to orient itself steadily once inside the stomach and then spray the medicine downward. To test its effectiveness, researchers used a green dye on pig tissues to simulate how the medicine would be delivered. The experiment showed encouraging results, as the medicine reached the targeted tissues efficiently. The second design took inspiration from squids, which can release ink forcefully using a special muscle. In this model, the capsule was cylindrical and capable of spraying the medicine sideways by using a similar muscular mechanism. This method also proved successful in laboratory tests.

Both experimental approaches demonstrated that delivering insulin or other injectable drugs through swallowable capsules is not only possible but also highly promising. Although further research and clinical trials are necessary before this technology becomes widely available, these results bring hope to diabetic patients who fear needles. By removing the pain and psychological discomfort of injections, MIT’s capsule technology could revolutionize diabetes care and eventually change the way many other injectable medicines are administered.

Which of the following statements about MIT’s capsule technology can be correctly inferred?

(I) It could offer a painless alternative for patients with chronic illnesses.

(II) The mechanism mimics natural and mechanical systems to function effectively.

(III) It has replaced injections in several medical treatments.

Read the following passage and answer the given questions.

For many individuals, the mere sight of a needle can create intense fear and anxiety. This fear, known as trypanophobia, has been a significant barrier for patients who need regular injections, especially those suffering from diabetes and dependent on daily insulin shots. Because of the pain and discomfort associated with traditional injections, some patients delay or even avoid taking essential medicines, putting their health at serious risk. To address this challenge, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have been exploring advanced technologies that can replace conventional injections with an easier, less frightening method: ingestible capsules that can deliver medicine internally.

The innovative idea behind these capsules is simple yet groundbreaking. Each capsule contains a miniature needle designed to inject the medicine directly into the stomach lining after being swallowed. This way, the medicine, such as insulin, can enter the bloodstream without the need for a traditional syringe. However, early trials revealed a crucial problem. For the injection to be effective, the tiny needle must penetrate the stomach wall at a precise angle. The stomach’s constant movement and the varying position of the capsule made it extremely difficult to maintain this level of accuracy. As a result, the first version of the capsule struggled to deliver consistent results.

To overcome this obstacle, scientists designed two new types of capsules inspired by unique natural and technological models. The first design was modeled after a space lander. This capsule was built to orient itself steadily once inside the stomach and then spray the medicine downward. To test its effectiveness, researchers used a green dye on pig tissues to simulate how the medicine would be delivered. The experiment showed encouraging results, as the medicine reached the targeted tissues efficiently. The second design took inspiration from squids, which can release ink forcefully using a special muscle. In this model, the capsule was cylindrical and capable of spraying the medicine sideways by using a similar muscular mechanism. This method also proved successful in laboratory tests.

Both experimental approaches demonstrated that delivering insulin or other injectable drugs through swallowable capsules is not only possible but also highly promising. Although further research and clinical trials are necessary before this technology becomes widely available, these results bring hope to diabetic patients who fear needles. By removing the pain and psychological discomfort of injections, MIT’s capsule technology could revolutionize diabetes care and eventually change the way many other injectable medicines are administered.

Match the terms in Column A with their correct descriptions from Column B, based on the passage.

Read the following passage and answer the given questions.

For many individuals, the mere sight of a needle can create intense fear and anxiety. This fear, known as trypanophobia, has been a significant barrier for patients who need regular injections, especially those suffering from diabetes and dependent on daily insulin shots. Because of the pain and discomfort associated with traditional injections, some patients delay or even avoid taking essential medicines, putting their health at serious risk. To address this challenge, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have been exploring advanced technologies that can replace conventional injections with an easier, less frightening method: ingestible capsules that can deliver medicine internally.

The innovative idea behind these capsules is simple yet groundbreaking. Each capsule contains a miniature needle designed to inject the medicine directly into the stomach lining after being swallowed. This way, the medicine, such as insulin, can enter the bloodstream without the need for a traditional syringe. However, early trials revealed a crucial problem. For the injection to be effective, the tiny needle must penetrate the stomach wall at a precise angle. The stomach’s constant movement and the varying position of the capsule made it extremely difficult to maintain this level of accuracy. As a result, the first version of the capsule struggled to deliver consistent results.

To overcome this obstacle, scientists designed two new types of capsules inspired by unique natural and technological models. The first design was modeled after a space lander. This capsule was built to orient itself steadily once inside the stomach and then spray the medicine downward. To test its effectiveness, researchers used a green dye on pig tissues to simulate how the medicine would be delivered. The experiment showed encouraging results, as the medicine reached the targeted tissues efficiently. The second design took inspiration from squids, which can release ink forcefully using a special muscle. In this model, the capsule was cylindrical and capable of spraying the medicine sideways by using a similar muscular mechanism. This method also proved successful in laboratory tests.

Both experimental approaches demonstrated that delivering insulin or other injectable drugs through swallowable capsules is not only possible but also highly promising. Although further research and clinical trials are necessary before this technology becomes widely available, these results bring hope to diabetic patients who fear needles. By removing the pain and psychological discomfort of injections, MIT’s capsule technology could revolutionize diabetes care and eventually change the way many other injectable medicines are administered.

Which of the following best explains why a precise angle of injection is crucial in the capsule design?

Read the following passage and answer the given questions.

For many individuals, the mere sight of a needle can create intense fear and anxiety. This fear, known as trypanophobia, has been a significant barrier for patients who need regular injections, especially those suffering from diabetes and dependent on daily insulin shots. Because of the pain and discomfort associated with traditional injections, some patients delay or even avoid taking essential medicines, putting their health at serious risk. To address this challenge, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have been exploring advanced technologies that can replace conventional injections with an easier, less frightening method: ingestible capsules that can deliver medicine internally.

The innovative idea behind these capsules is simple yet groundbreaking. Each capsule contains a miniature needle designed to inject the medicine directly into the stomach lining after being swallowed. This way, the medicine, such as insulin, can enter the bloodstream without the need for a traditional syringe. However, early trials revealed a crucial problem. For the injection to be effective, the tiny needle must penetrate the stomach wall at a precise angle. The stomach’s constant movement and the varying position of the capsule made it extremely difficult to maintain this level of accuracy. As a result, the first version of the capsule struggled to deliver consistent results.

To overcome this obstacle, scientists designed two new types of capsules inspired by unique natural and technological models. The first design was modeled after a space lander. This capsule was built to orient itself steadily once inside the stomach and then spray the medicine downward. To test its effectiveness, researchers used a green dye on pig tissues to simulate how the medicine would be delivered. The experiment showed encouraging results, as the medicine reached the targeted tissues efficiently. The second design took inspiration from squids, which can release ink forcefully using a special muscle. In this model, the capsule was cylindrical and capable of spraying the medicine sideways by using a similar muscular mechanism. This method also proved successful in laboratory tests.

Both experimental approaches demonstrated that delivering insulin or other injectable drugs through swallowable capsules is not only possible but also highly promising. Although further research and clinical trials are necessary before this technology becomes widely available, these results bring hope to diabetic patients who fear needles. By removing the pain and psychological discomfort of injections, MIT’s capsule technology could revolutionize diabetes care and eventually change the way many other injectable medicines are administered.

Which of the following best characterizes the research approach adopted by MIT scientists?

Read the following passage and answer the given questions.

For many individuals, the mere sight of a needle can create intense fear and anxiety. This fear, known as trypanophobia, has been a significant barrier for patients who need regular injections, especially those suffering from diabetes and dependent on daily insulin shots. Because of the pain and discomfort associated with traditional injections, some patients delay or even avoid taking essential medicines, putting their health at serious risk. To address this challenge, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have been exploring advanced technologies that can replace conventional injections with an easier, less frightening method: ingestible capsules that can deliver medicine internally.

The innovative idea behind these capsules is simple yet groundbreaking. Each capsule contains a miniature needle designed to inject the medicine directly into the stomach lining after being swallowed. This way, the medicine, such as insulin, can enter the bloodstream without the need for a traditional syringe. However, early trials revealed a crucial problem. For the injection to be effective, the tiny needle must penetrate the stomach wall at a precise angle. The stomach’s constant movement and the varying position of the capsule made it extremely difficult to maintain this level of accuracy. As a result, the first version of the capsule struggled to deliver consistent results.

To overcome this obstacle, scientists designed two new types of capsules inspired by unique natural and technological models. The first design was modeled after a space lander. This capsule was built to orient itself steadily once inside the stomach and then spray the medicine downward. To test its effectiveness, researchers used a green dye on pig tissues to simulate how the medicine would be delivered. The experiment showed encouraging results, as the medicine reached the targeted tissues efficiently. The second design took inspiration from squids, which can release ink forcefully using a special muscle. In this model, the capsule was cylindrical and capable of spraying the medicine sideways by using a similar muscular mechanism. This method also proved successful in laboratory tests.

Both experimental approaches demonstrated that delivering insulin or other injectable drugs through swallowable capsules is not only possible but also highly promising. Although further research and clinical trials are necessary before this technology becomes widely available, these results bring hope to diabetic patients who fear needles. By removing the pain and psychological discomfort of injections, MIT’s capsule technology could revolutionize diabetes care and eventually change the way many other injectable medicines are administered.

Which of the following comparisons between the two capsule designs is accurate based on the passage?

Read the following passage and answer the given questions.

For many individuals, the mere sight of a needle can create intense fear and anxiety. This fear, known as trypanophobia, has been a significant barrier for patients who need regular injections, especially those suffering from diabetes and dependent on daily insulin shots. Because of the pain and discomfort associated with traditional injections, some patients delay or even avoid taking essential medicines, putting their health at serious risk. To address this challenge, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have been exploring advanced technologies that can replace conventional injections with an easier, less frightening method: ingestible capsules that can deliver medicine internally.

The innovative idea behind these capsules is simple yet groundbreaking. Each capsule contains a miniature needle designed to inject the medicine directly into the stomach lining after being swallowed. This way, the medicine, such as insulin, can enter the bloodstream without the need for a traditional syringe. However, early trials revealed a crucial problem. For the injection to be effective, the tiny needle must penetrate the stomach wall at a precise angle. The stomach’s constant movement and the varying position of the capsule made it extremely difficult to maintain this level of accuracy. As a result, the first version of the capsule struggled to deliver consistent results.

To overcome this obstacle, scientists designed two new types of capsules inspired by unique natural and technological models. The first design was modeled after a space lander. This capsule was built to orient itself steadily once inside the stomach and then spray the medicine downward. To test its effectiveness, researchers used a green dye on pig tissues to simulate how the medicine would be delivered. The experiment showed encouraging results, as the medicine reached the targeted tissues efficiently. The second design took inspiration from squids, which can release ink forcefully using a special muscle. In this model, the capsule was cylindrical and capable of spraying the medicine sideways by using a similar muscular mechanism. This method also proved successful in laboratory tests.

Both experimental approaches demonstrated that delivering insulin or other injectable drugs through swallowable capsules is not only possible but also highly promising. Although further research and clinical trials are necessary before this technology becomes widely available, these results bring hope to diabetic patients who fear needles. By removing the pain and psychological discomfort of injections, MIT’s capsule technology could revolutionize diabetes care and eventually change the way many other injectable medicines are administered.

Which of the following words can best replace “groundbreaking” in the sentence without changing its intended meaning?

“The innovative idea behind these capsules is simple yet groundbreaking .”

Read the following passage and answer the given questions.

For many individuals, the mere sight of a needle can create intense fear and anxiety. This fear, known as trypanophobia, has been a significant barrier for patients who need regular injections, especially those suffering from diabetes and dependent on daily insulin shots. Because of the pain and discomfort associated with traditional injections, some patients delay or even avoid taking essential medicines, putting their health at serious risk. To address this challenge, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have been exploring advanced technologies that can replace conventional injections with an easier, less frightening method: ingestible capsules that can deliver medicine internally.

The innovative idea behind these capsules is simple yet groundbreaking. Each capsule contains a miniature needle designed to inject the medicine directly into the stomach lining after being swallowed. This way, the medicine, such as insulin, can enter the bloodstream without the need for a traditional syringe. However, early trials revealed a crucial problem. For the injection to be effective, the tiny needle must penetrate the stomach wall at a precise angle. The stomach’s constant movement and the varying position of the capsule made it extremely difficult to maintain this level of accuracy. As a result, the first version of the capsule struggled to deliver consistent results.

To overcome this obstacle, scientists designed two new types of capsules inspired by unique natural and technological models. The first design was modeled after a space lander. This capsule was built to orient itself steadily once inside the stomach and then spray the medicine downward. To test its effectiveness, researchers used a green dye on pig tissues to simulate how the medicine would be delivered. The experiment showed encouraging results, as the medicine reached the targeted tissues efficiently. The second design took inspiration from squids, which can release ink forcefully using a special muscle. In this model, the capsule was cylindrical and capable of spraying the medicine sideways by using a similar muscular mechanism. This method also proved successful in laboratory tests.

Both experimental approaches demonstrated that delivering insulin or other injectable drugs through swallowable capsules is not only possible but also highly promising. Although further research and clinical trials are necessary before this technology becomes widely available, these results bring hope to diabetic patients who fear needles. By removing the pain and psychological discomfort of injections, MIT’s capsule technology could revolutionize diabetes care and eventually change the way many other injectable medicines are administered.

Which of the following statements is/are TRUE according to the passage?

I. The lander-based capsule uses orientation to spray downward.

II. The squid-inspired capsule delivers medicine sideways.

III. All versions of the capsule are currently being used by patients.

Rearrange the following sentences and answer the given questions.

A. This accelerated warming, known as Arctic amplification, has drawn significant concern among climate experts.

B. Studies further reveal that if current trends continue, the Arctic could experience ice-free summers within this century.

C. Scientists attribute this rapid ice loss to global climate change, which has intensified over the past few decades.

D. The Arctic region is witnessing an alarming rate of glacier melting due to rising global temperatures.

E. The melting of these glaciers not only raises sea levels but also disrupts marine ecosystems and weather patterns worldwide.

F. Some recent research highlights that the Arctic is warming at least twice as fast as the global average.

G. Therefore, global efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are critical to slow down these changes and protect fragile ecosystems.

Which of the following is the FIRST sentence after rearrangement?