Question 1
Directions (1-5): In the following passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered and one word has been suggested alongside the blank. These numbers are printed below the passage and against each, five options are given. In four options, one word is suggested in each option. Find out the appropriate word which fits the blank appropriately. If the word written alongside the blank fits the passage, choose option “No replacement required” as the correct choice.
Our world’s surface is a jumble of ______1______(puzzle) tectonic plates, with new ones emerging as others are pulled under. The ongoing cycle keeps our continents in motion and drives life on Earth. But what happens when a plate disappears into the planet’s interior?
The question has long puzzled scientists because conventional wisdom said that sinking tectonic plates must ______2______(stabilize) intact to keep pulling on the portion behind it, but according to geophysical evidence, they are destroyed.
Now, in a study published in Nature, scientists say they’ve found an answer that reconciles the two stories: Plates are significantly ____3______(improved) as they sink but not so much that they break apart entirely. The finding came after scientists put tectonic plates through a computer-generated gauntlet of destructive geologic forces. The model _____4______ (display) that as the plate enters the mantle, it bends abruptly downward, cracking its cold, brittle back. At the same time, the _____5______(observing) changes the fine grain structure of the rock along its underbelly, leaving it weakened. Combined, the stresses pinch the plate along its weak points, leaving it mostly intact but segmented like a slinky snake.
Which option should replace the word given alongside blank (1)?



